Diabetes Diagnostics & Tests

A1c and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG)

There are two blood tests that can aid control of your diabetes. One test is called an A1c test, which reflects your blood sugar (or glucose) control over the previous 3 months. The other test is called SMBG, or self-monitoring of blood glucose. Testing your A1c level every 3 months is the greatest method for you and your physician to know how controlled your glucose levels are. Your A1c target will be determined by your doctor, and it is normally less than 6.5% to 7.0%. With a blood glucose monitor to do SMBG testing you can help improve management of your blood sugar levels. The outcome you get from an SMBG test can assist you in making proper changes to your medicine, diet and/or level of exercise. Everyone with diabetes should have a blood glucose monitor and understand how it works. Here are some suggestions on when to do SMBG testing and how to use the results to recover your glucose control.

How often should I do SMBG testing?

Your physician will advise how often you should do the testing. Testing times are based on the type of medicine you receive and on how well your sugar levels are controlled. Your doctor will advise you how often to test. General frequencies are detailed below.

If you have type 1 diabetes and are taking insulin—test 3 - 4 times per day

If you have type 2 diabetes and are taking insulin and diabetes pills—test 3 - 4 times per day

If you are taking diabetes pills only and have not reached your target A1c—test 2 - 4 times per day.

If you are prescribed diabetes tablets only or you are controlling your diabetes well with diet and physical activity only—ask your physician how frequently you should test.

What time of day should I test?

Recommendations for the optimum time of day to test your glucose levels are determined by your medicine, mealtimes and sugar control. Your doctor may also recommend different goals, depending on your circumstances.